If the gases are at the same temperature and pressure, the ratio of their effusion rates is directly proportional to the ratio of the square roots of their molar masses:

Graham's law of diffusion

This states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass i.e

R ∝ 1/ √M

R₁/R₂ = √(M₂/M₁)

Where

• R₁ and R₂ are the rates of the two gas
• M₁ and M₂ are the molar masses of the two gas

From the Graham's law equation, we can see that the ratio of the rates of effusion of the two gases is directly proportional to the square root of their molar masses

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